India's trade policy under WTO review; members seek clarifications as Brazil flags GST, digital reforms

India defended its trade policy framework at the World Trade Organization's (WTO) Trade Policy Review (TPR), highlighting structural reforms, digitalisation initiatives and trade facilitation measures, even as several member countries sought clarifications on aspects of its trade and investment regime.

The review, which saw participation from 65 WTO members, focused on India's trade policy measures, customs modernisation, investment framework, Quality Control Orders (QCOs), trade remedies and ongoing WTO reforms. The discussions will conclude on July 23, when India will respond to the issues raised by member countries.

GST, digital reforms feature in review discussions

Serving as the discussant in his personal capacity, H.E. Mr. Guilherme de Aguiar Patriota of Brazil highlighted India's structural reforms, particularly the Goods and Services Tax (GST) for creating a unified domestic market, alongside digital trade reforms, the country's expanding export strategy and recent regional trade agreements.

Patriota also referred to India's Duty-Free Tariff Preference Scheme for Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and its contribution to the WTO amid evolving global trade challenges. He observed that India's Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) and development-oriented reforms offer useful lessons for developing economies and LDCs pursuing digital transformation.

India also responded to all advance written questions submitted by WTO members under the Trade Policy Review Mechanism, describing the exercise as part of its commitment to transparency.

Members seek clarity on trade measures, investment regime

During the review, several WTO members acknowledged India's economic resilience and its engagement with the multilateral trading system. Delegations also noted progress in Digital Public Infrastructure, customs and trade facilitation reforms, innovation and startup initiatives, expanding regional trade agreements and efforts to integrate micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) into global value chains.

Members also welcomed India's acceptance of the WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies, while seeking further clarifications on issues relating to the trade and investment regime, Quality Control Orders, trade remedy measures, specific trade policy practices and ongoing WTO reforms.

On the sidelines of the review, India organised an exhibition showcasing a range of domestically produced goods, highlighting the country's manufacturing capabilities, innovation and traditional craftsmanship. Delegates were presented with papier-mâché coasters as souvenirs, reflecting India's artisanal heritage.

The Trade Policy Review is scheduled to conclude on July 23, following further discussions among WTO members and India's responses to the issues raised during the two-day review.